What Happens If a Truck Driver’s Medical Emergency Causes a Crash?

 Posted on August 11, 2025 in Airplane crashes

When an 18-wheeler crashes into a smaller vehicle, the damage is often catastrophic. But what happens if the truck driver suffered a medical emergency behind the wheel, like a heart attack or seizure, that led to the crash? You may wonder who is legally responsible and whether you can still recover compensation for your injuries in a truck accident. If you were injured in a crash like this, speak with a New Braunfels, TX truck accident lawyer about your legal options right away.

Can a Medical Emergency Shield a Truck Driver or Company From Liability?

In Texas, truck drivers and the companies they work for are held to high safety standards. A sudden medical episode does not necessarily excuse a crash. In some cases, it may even be considered negligence if the driver or their employer failed to take reasonable precautions.

Under Texas law, drivers can use a "sudden medical emergency" defense. However, that only works if they can prove that the medical episode was truly sudden and unexpected, the driver had no prior warning or history of the condition, and he acted responsibly given what he knew before the crash.

For example, if a truck driver with a known seizure disorder failed to take medication or did not disclose the condition to the Department of Transportation (DOT), the crash might not be considered an unavoidable emergency. Instead, it could be the result of negligence, in which case you could be entitled to compensation.

Are Trucking Companies Also Responsible for Medical-Related Crashes?

Trucking companies are responsible for ensuring their drivers are medically fit to operate large commercial vehicles. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) requires drivers to undergo regular medical exams and maintain a valid Medical Examiner’s Certificate. If a company allows a driver with a disqualifying health condition to operate a truck, it may be held liable for negligent hiring or supervision.

As of August 2025, FMCSA medical qualification rules remain strict. Companies must remove drivers from service if they fail their required health screenings. Failure to follow these rules can lead to serious consequences if someone gets hurt.

What Compensation Could You Recover After a Crash Involving a  Medical Emergency?

If you were injured in a truck accident caused by a driver’s medical condition, you may be able to recover damages for:

• Medical bills (including emergency care, surgery, and follow-up treatment)

• Lost income from missed work

• Pain and suffering

• Long-term disability or reduced earning ability

The facts of each case matter. If there is evidence that the driver should not have been behind the wheel or that the company ignored medical red flags, your case may be stronger. A skilled truck accident attorney can investigate thoroughly and fight to hold all responsible parties accountable.

How Do You Prove Fault When a Medical Emergency Is Involved?

These cases often require a deep dive into medical records, driving logs, DOT filings, and witness statements. Your attorney can work with medical experts and accident reconstruction professionals to understand what happened and whether the crash could have been prevented.

Do not assume you cannot sue just because the truck driver had a health issue. The law does not give blanket immunity for medical emergencies, especially if they were predictable or preventable.

Contact a New Braunfels, TX Truck Accident Lawyer

If you were injured in a truck crash involving a driver’s medical emergency, contact a Hays County, TX personal injury attorney at The Bettersworth Law Firm to explore your legal options. With 25 years of experience handling complex commercial vehicle cases, our team knows how to hold trucking companies accountable and fight for full compensation. You will work directly with your attorney, receive compassionate support, and never be just a number to us. Call us today for a free consultation at 830-606-0404.